提高GPS定位精度的群调度滤波算法*

为解决现行安全生产科技领域中全球定位系统（GPS）/惯性导航系统（INS）融合系统容易产生较大时变误差的关键问题，满足GPS定位信号的精度和信号数据处理时间的要求，提出1种群调度滤波算法，通过实验仿真，分别与模糊算法、机器学习算法及卡尔曼滤波网络算法进行比较研究。结果表明:群调度滤波算法兼顾了定位精度与数据处理时间，具有较大优势，可在航空安全、船舶安全、应急监测、灾后抢险等安全科技领域广泛应用。     

绿色生态城区规划及实践的比较研究

目前,是以提倡低碳环保、绿色生态城市为发展规划的社会,生态化建设正如火如荼地进行中。本文以中新天津生态城、曹妃甸唐山湾生态城、青岛中德生态园这三个地点作比较,以建设绿色生态城市规划协同、共生城市理念、混合开发和生态社区结构这几点进行了分析,总结了城区建设间的问题,并针对这些问题研究解决方案,以达到绿色生态区建设的目的。     

A path analysis model for explaining unsafe behavior in workplaces: the effect of perceived work pressure

Background. Unsafe behavior is closely related to occupational accidents. Work pressure is one the main factors affecting employees’ behavior. The aim of the present study was to provide a path analysis model for explaining how work pressure affects safety behavior. Methods. Using a self-administered questionnaire, six variables supposed to affect safety employees’ behavior were measured. The path analysis model was constructed based on several hypotheses. The goodness of fit of the model was assessed using both absolute and comparative fit indices. Results. Work pressure was determined not to influence safety behavior directly. However, it negatively influenced other variables. Group attitude and personal attitude toward safety were the main factors mediating the effect of work pressure on safety behavior. Among the variables investigated in the present study, group attitude, personal attitude and work pressure had the strongest effects on safety behavior. Conclusion. Managers should consider that in order to improve employees’ safety behavior, work pressure should be reduced to a reasonable level, and concurrently a supportive environment, which ensures a positive group attitude toward safety, should be provided. Replication of the study is recommended.     

Conservation mycology in Australia and the potential role of citizen science

Fungi are undoubtedly important for ecosystem functioning; however, they have been omitted or given scant attention in most biodiversity policy documents, management plans, and formal conservation schedules throughout the world. This oversight may be due to a general lack of awareness in the scientific community and compounded by a scarcity of mycology‐associated curricula at the tertiary level and a lack of mycologists in research institutions. Although molecular techniques advance the systematic cataloging of fungi and facilitate insights into fungal communities, the scarcity of professional mycologists in the environmental sciences hampers conservation efforts. Conversely, citizen science initiatives are making significant contributions to the mycology discipline by increasing awareness and extending the scope of fungal surveys. Future research by professional and amateur mycologists into the distribution of fungi and their function in ecosystems will help identify wider and more effective conservation goals.     

国内外石油公司HSE绩效指标及安全绩效比对

分析了国外6家知名石油公司和协会的HSE绩效指标,并与国内3大石油公司HSE绩效指标进行比对,发现国外石油公司HSE绩效指标基本一致,其中损失工作日事件、可记录事件、交通事故等指标是目前多数国内企业没有统计的安全绩效指标;温室气体排放、火炬燃烧气体、可挥发烃(VOCs)排放、泄漏等指标是国内企业没有统计的环境绩效指标。对比分析了6家国外石油公司和协会的安全绩效水平和趋势。     

巢湖流域水资源可持续性评价方法研究

水资源可持续性评价模型(WRSEM,Water Resource Sustainability Evaluation Model)能够定量地评价流域水资源的可持续性,是流域水资源管理的一个有效工具。本文为了科学地衡量巢湖流域水资源开发、利用和管理的可持续性,构建了巢湖流域水资源可持续性评价模型和评价指标体系。巢湖流域水资源可持续性评价指标体系由4个一级指标(经济效率、社会公平、环境保护和保障能力)和20个二级指标构成。最后根据相对权重综合计算得到流域水资源可持续性指数。评价结果表明了巢湖流域水资源可持续性的程度,同时研究结果为巢湖流域水资源管理及其相关政策制定提供了科学依据。     

新民城市居民头发重金属含量测定及相关分析

文章采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)及原子荧光光谱法(AFS)对辽宁省新民市城市居民不同年龄、性别群体头发中镉(Cd),铅(Pb),汞(Hg),砷(As)等重金属含量进行了测定,比较并分析了人发中各种重金属含量水平及与年龄、性别的关系。结果表明,新民市城市居民整体群体头发中镉,铅,砷,汞等4种重金属平均含量分别为(0.14±0.10),(3.80±2.43),(0.29±0.17),(0.39±0.21)mg/kg,均在中国居民头发中重金属含量正常值上限以下。回归分析表明,头发中所测定的重金属中只有金属Hg含量变化与年龄之间存在线性关系(R2=0.71);单因素方差(One-way ANOVA)分析表明,不同年龄群体间Cd,Pb,Hg,As等重金属含量无显著性差异(p>0.05);皮尔逊相关分析表明各重金属含量与年龄、性别之间无显著相关性(p>0.05)。     

区域环评中生态适宜度分析指标体系的探讨

从城市生态学的内涵和自然与社会两大生态系统出发,结合上海城市特点,建立应用于上海市城镇区域开发建设环境影响评价的生态适宜度分析指标体系,它包括开发区居住用地和工业用地的三级指标体系,其中居住区包含环境质量、绿化景观和地理位置等6项自然生态指标,和生活设施、布局设计、人口密度和综合管理等10项人文社会生态指标;工业区包含环境质量和自然地理等8项自然生态指标,和基础设施、人力资源和综合条件等9项人文生态指标.指标体系以上海市罗店镇和庄行镇城镇作为评价对象进行实例验证分析,结果表明,与实际情况基本相符.     

废偕胺肟型螯合树脂再生工艺及吸附性能研究

为了解决废弃螯合吸附树脂堆积对环境造成污染,在参考了原树脂合成路线的基础上,设计出了资源化处理该树脂的方法。在二乙胺溶剂中,以废偕胺肟型螯合树脂为原料,加入羟胺试剂,使废树脂发生偕胺肟化反应改性为偕胺肟基聚丙烯腈-二乙烯基苯,实现了废树脂的再生。探讨了废螯合树脂改性工艺及吸附性能,在实验中单因素考察了反应温度、反应时间、二乙胺浓度、盐酸羟胺浓度以及NaOH浓度等因素对偕胺肟化反应效率的影响,同时对树脂及二乙胺溶液进行循环使用。结果表明,二乙胺浓度为70%,盐酸羟胺浓度为1.2mol/L,NaOH浓度为2mol/L,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为2h时达到最佳再生综合效能。以Cu(Ⅱ)离子进行吸附效率测试,有效地恢复该种树脂的吸附能力的90%。树脂循环使用四次之后,吸附效率仍能达到60%。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对螯合树脂表征表明,腈基转化成了偕胺肟基团。在废树脂再生的反应过程中,二乙胺溶剂表现为激活剂的作用。     

青海省扎日根结扎群火山岩形成时代及构造背景分析

青海扎日根结扎群火山岩中基性岩以贫硅、钾,高钛、钙,中性岩类以低硅、中钾、钛、钙,酸性岩类以高硅、钾,中钛,低钙为特征.根据Fe*/MgO-TiO2图解上显示出本区火山岩绝大多数火山岩落在岛弧区.微量元素中Th/Nb=0.9>0.11,Nb/Zr>0.04显示出其构造背景为陆-陆碰撞形成的岛弧区.扎日根结扎群火山岩时代Rb-Sr同位素等时线给出的年龄为231±28 Ma 和225±8 Ma,属晚三叠世.另外Sr同位素的初始比值ISr=0.70522±0.00023,小于0.719,表明岩浆(原始)来源于上地幔,并且在上升的过程中受到地壳的混染.